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A borrowed chord (also called mode mixture,Romeo, Sheila (1999). Complete Rock Keyboard Method: Mastering Rock Keyboard, p. 42. . Bouchard, Joe and Romeo, Sheila (2007). The Total Rock Keyboardist, p. 120. Alfred Music. . modal mixture, substituted chord,White, William Alfred (1911). Harmonic Part-writing, p. 42. Silver, Burdett, & Co. . modal interchange, or mutation (2025). 9780072852608, McGraw-Hill. ISBN 9780072852608) is a chord borrowed from the parallel key (minor scale or major scale with the same tonic). Borrowed chords are typically used as "color chords", providing harmonic variety through contrasting scale forms, which are major scales and the three forms of minor scales.Benward & Saker (2009), p. 71. Chords may also be borrowed from other parallel musical mode besides the major and minor mode, for example D Dorian mode with D major. The mixing of the major and minor modes developed in the baroque music.Benward & Saker (2009), p. 74.
Borrowed chords are distinguished from modulation by being brief enough that the tonic is not lost or displaced, and may be considered brief or transitory modulations and may be distinguished from Sorce, Richard (1995). Music Theory for the Music Professional, p. 332. Scarecrow Press. . as well as . According to Sheila Romeo, "the borrowed chord suggests the sound of its own mode without actually switching to that mode."
In the minor mode, a common borrowed chord from the parallel major key is the Picardy third.
In the major mode, the most common examples of borrowed chords are those involving the , also known as the lowered sixth scale degree. These chords are shown below, in the key of C major.Kostka, p. 344.
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